The Concept of Civil Society
Civil society is a concept that faces the face. Has many meanings or often interpreted with different meanings - different. When referring to the definition in English, it comes from civil society, a contradiction from military society.
The term civil society aside from referring to the concept of civil society, is also based on the concept of the Medina city-state which was built by the Prophet Muhammad in 622 AD with civil society also referring to the concept of civilization (civilized) introduced by Ibn Khaldun, and the concept of Al Madinah al Fadhilah ( Medina as the Main Country) was revealed by the philosopher Al-Farabi in the Middle Ages.
Elements of Civil Society
Civil society does not arise by itself. He really needs a social element that is a realization of civil society prerequisites. Some basic elements possessed by civil society are:
Large Public Areas
Free Public Sphere is a free public space as a means of public expression. In the area of public space is that all citizens have the same position and the right to social and political transactions without fear and are threatened by civil society forces outside.
Democracy
Democracy is an absolute prerequisite for the existence of a purer (genuine) civil society. Without democratic civil society it might not be realized. Democracy will not run stable when it does not get real support from the community. In general, democracy is a political and social system that is sourced and created by, from, and for citizens.
Tolerance
Tolerance is mutual respect and differences of opinion.
Pluralism
Plurality or pluralism is another prerequisite for civil society. Pluralism is not only understood as an attitude must acknowledge and accept the fact that various social, but must be accompanied by a sincere attitude to accept differences as a natural and positive grace from God for people's lives.
Social justice
Social justice is a balanced and proportional distribution of the rights and obligations of every citizen which covers all aspects of life: economic, political, knowledge and opportunity. In another sense, social justice is the loss of monopoly and concentration of one aspect of life carried out by certain groups or groups.
Pillars of Civil Society Enforcement
The pillar of civil society enforcement is an institution that is part of social control that functions to criticize the authorities of discriminatory policies and fight for the aspirations of oppressed communities. Pillars include:
Non-governmental organization
NGOs are social institutions established by NGOs whose main task is to assist and promote the aspirations and interests of the oppressed people. NGOs in the context of empowering civil society in charge of the public hold significant matters in daily life, for example programs, training and socialization of community development.
Pers
The press is an institution that functions to criticize and be part of social control that can analyze and publish government policies relating to citizens. In addition, the press is also expected to present news objectively and transparently.
The rule of law
Every citizen, whether sitting in government or as someone must obey the rules or laws. So as to realize their rights and their freedom between citizens and between citizens and the government through peaceful means and in accordance with applicable law. The rule of law also provides guarantees and protections against all forms of oppression of individuals and groups that violate legal norms and all forms of oppression of human rights.
College
The College is where campus activists (lecturers and students), who are part of the social and civil society forces that move through morality to channel people's aspirations and criticize government policies. However, every movement made must be on the right track and position themselves in real and reality which is truly objective and voicing the interests of the community.
As part of the pillars of civil society enforcement, the College has the main task of finding and creating new ideas and constructive alternatives to be able to answer the problems faced by society.
political parties
Political parties are vehicles for citizens to channel their political aspirations. Political parties are the political expression of citizens so that political parties are a prerequisite for the formation of civil society.